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GACA اللغه العربيه للطيران المحتري General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 1. PARTS 91 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Balloon Operations 10 Section 2. Major Event Planning 17 Section 3. Evaluating and Inspecting Part 91 Aircraft 21 CHAPTER 2. EXEMPTIONS, WAIVERS AND AUTHORIZATIONS Section 1. Exemptions 30 Section 2. Waivers and Authorizations 42 Section 3. Cockpit Authorizations 44 CHAPTER 3. CONTINUOUS AIRWORTHINESS PROGRAMS FOR PARTS 121 AND 125 Section 1. Evaluate a Continuous Airworthiness Maintenance Program… 51 (CAMP) Section 2. Evaluate Required Inspections in a Continuous Airworthiness·87 Maintenance Program (CAMP) Section 3. Evaluate/Inspect Fuel Tank System Maintenance/Inspection…99 Program Section 4. Process-Oriented Maintenance Program to a Task-Oriented…107 Maintenance Program Conversion and Maintenance Steering Group (MSG) -2 to -3 Conversions Section 5. Evaluate Continuing Analysis and Surveillance (CASS)……109 Program/Revision Section 6. Evaluate/Inspect Operators Actions to Include Supplemental·152 Structural Inspections into the CAMP Section 7. Evaluate/Inspect Part 121 Operator's Electrical Wiring …… 166 Interconnection Systems Maintenance Program Section 8. Evaluating Proposed Adjustments to Task Intervals/Time……178 Limitations for Maintenance Programs Section 9. Evaluating an Airworthiness Directives Management Process 185 CHAPTER 4. EVALUATE/AMEND AN OPERATING CERTIFICATE FOR Page 1 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحلي General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION PARTS 121, 125, AND 135 Section 1. Evaluate Air Operator Management Effectiveness ……196 Section 2. Air Operator Mergers and Acquisition of Air Operator……205 Operational Assets Section 3. Major Changes in Operating Authority 221 Section 4. Amendment, Surrender, Suspension, Revocation, and……223 Replacement of Operating Certificates CHAPTER 5. AIRWORTHINESS FOR PARTS 121 AND 135 Section 1. Evaluate Outsource Maintenance Arrangement for Part 121 230 Section 2. Prorated Time Authorizations 253 Section 3. Evaluate the Approval of Required Avionics Equipment and…259 Instruments Section 4. Evaluate Engineering Change Authorization for Part 121 262 Section 5. Evaluate Operator's Short-Term Escalation Procedures for…266 Part 121 Section 6. Approved Parts and Parts Borrowing 273 Section 7. Approve Reliability Programs for Part 121 276 Section 8. Approve Contract Maintenance Reliability Program for Part 294 121 Section 9. Evaluate an Aircraft Inspection Program for Part 135 … 306 Section 10. Emergency Evacuation Systems (EES) Scheduled……314 Maintenance Requirements Section 11. Evaluate an Operator Aircraft Storage Program for Part……319 121 Section 12. Avionics Software Changes 329 Section 13. Review an Operator's Mechanical Interruption Summary …… 334 Report for Parts 121 and 135 CHAPTER 6. PART 133 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Evaluate a Part 133 Operator 338 Section 2. Evaluate Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) 362 Section 3. Evaluate a Part 133 Congested Area Plan (CAP) 368 Page 2 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال伊اضول General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Section 4. Evaluate a Rotorcraft-Load Combination Flight Manual…… 386 (RLCFM) Section 5. Evaluate a Chief Pilot and/or Operations Manager for Part… 402 133 Section 6. Authorization for Motion Picture and Television Filming 407 CHAPTER 7. FLIGHT CREW TRAINING PROGRAMS AND AIRMEN QUALIFICATIONS FOR PART 125 Section 1. TBD 430 CHAPTER 8. PART 141 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. General Information for Part 141 Related Tasks 431 Section 2. Approve Training Course Outlines for Part 141 435 Section 3. Approving Examining Authority for a Part 141 Pilot School 448 Section 4. Conduct a Chief/Assistant Chief Instructor Practical Test 467 Section 5. Conduct a Stage Test 480 CHAPTER 9. PART 142 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Training Centers 486 Section 2. Training, Qualification and Designation of Training Center…494 Instructors and Evaluators for Part 142 Section 3. Reserved. 500 Section 4. Reserved. 501 Section 5. Outsource Training - Contracting With Training Providers……502 for Part 142 Section 6. Evaluate Training Programs, Curricula, Flight Training…… 527 Equipment and Recordkeeping Requirements for Part 142 CHAPTER 10. PART 145 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Review/Approve a Part 145 Repair Station's Training …… 553 Program Section 2. Evaluate Repair Station Manual and Quality Control Manual·581 or Revision for Part 145 Section 3. Evaluate Repair Station Facilities and Equipment for Part…… 594 145 Page 3 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال伊ان المضي General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Section 4. Testing of Powerplants After Overhaul 604 CHAPTER 11. OPERATOR RECORDKEEPING FOR PARTS 121, 125, AND 135 Section 1. General 606 Section 2. Acceptance or Approval Process 613 Section 3. Retention of Records 614 Section 4. Electronic Recordkeeping 617 Section 5. Evaluate Maintenance Recordkeeping System for Part 121 623 Section 6. Evaluate Maintenance Records for Part 125 636 Section 7. Evaluate Maintenance Records for Part 135 646 CHAPTER 12. MANUALS, PROCEDURES AND CHECKLISTS Section 1. Background and Definitions 660 Section 2. Approval and Acceptance of Manuals and Checklists ……672 Section 3. Evaluate a Flight Manual for Parts 121, 125 and 135 ……683 Section 4. Evaluate an Operations Manual for Parts 121, 125, 133 and…697 135 Section 5. Evaluate a Maintenance Manual (MM) 723 Section 6. Evaluate a Maintenance Manual/Revision for Part 135 …731 Section 7. Evaluate a Maintenance Manual/Revision for Part 121 …740 Section 8. Aircraft Checklists for Parts 121, 125, 133 and 135 ……756 Section 9. Evaluate Cabin Crew Member Manuals and Checklists ……771 CHAPTER 13. MASS AND BALANCE FOR PARTS 121, 125 AND 135 Section 1. Evaluate An Operator's Mass and Balance Control for Parts…792 121, 125 and 135 Section 2. Empty Aircraft Mass and Balance Control 809 CHAPTER 14. AVIATION WEATHER INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR PARTS 121 AND 135 Section 1. General Background Information 814 Section 2. Weather Products and Approval Process 819 Section 3. Weather Information Systems 824 CHAPTER 15. GROUND-DEICING/ANTI-ICING PROGRAMS FOR PARTS Page 4 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحلي General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 121, 125 AND 135 Section 1. General 834 Section 2. Approval of Procedures for Parts 121, 125, and 135 …… 843 Section 3. Other Means of Deicing/Anti-Icing. 850 Section 4. Airworthiness Evaluation of an Operator's 855 Deicing/Anti-Icing Program CHAPTER 16. LEASE AGREEMENTS FOR PARTS 121 AND 135 Section 1. Introduction to Aircraft Leasing 861 Section 2. Determining Who Has Operational Control 868 Section 3. Processing Lease Agreement Authorizations 869 Section 4. Special Considerations for Lease Arrangements Involving…… 880 Foreign-Registered Aircraft or Foreign Air Operators CHAPTER 17. PROVING AND VALIDATION TESTS FOR PARTS 121 AND 135 Section 1. General Information 882 Section 2. The Proving and Validation Test Process 885 Section 3. Proving Test Requirements 897 Section 4. Planning the Proving Test 902 Section 5. The Demonstration Phase 918 Section 6. Reporting Procedures 933 Section 7. Request for Reduction of Proving Test Hours 936 Section 8. Validation Test Requirements 940 CHAPTER 18. AIRWORTHINESS PROGRAMS FOR PART 125 Section 1. Evaluate Maintenance Manuals for Part 125 952 Section 2. Evaluate Aircraft Maintenance Program and Engine……964 Maintenance for Part 125 Section 3. Evaluate Maintenance Inspection Training Program/Records·973 for Part 125 CHAPTER 19. MISCELLANEOUS PARTS 61, 65, 91, 121, 125, 129, 135, 141 AND 145 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Operational Emphasis Items 977 Page 5 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA العلانيه العامه للطيران المحلي General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Section 2. Acceptance and Renewal of Inspection Authorization...... 991 Refresher Training for Part 66 Section 3. Suspected Violations of GACAR § 91.21, Problematic Use of 1005 Psychoactive Substances Section 4. Evaluate Refueling Procedures and Facilities for Parts 121,……1010 125 and 135 Section 5. Evaluate Avionics Test Equipment 1016 Section 6. How to Determine Required Equipment and Instruments for…1023 Aircraft Operating Under GACAR Parts 91, 121, 125, 133 and 135 Section 7. Process a One-Time Approval for Maintenance under……1026 GACAR § 43.9(i) CHAPTER 20. CHECK PILOT, INSTRUCTOR, AND SUPERVISOR PROGRAMS FOR PARTS 121, 125, 135 AND 142 Section 1. General 1027 Section 2. Check Pilot Approval 1044 Section 3. Approve a Check Pilot for Part 125 Operations and a Part…1061 142 Check Pilot for Training Center Checks Section 4. Training for Check Pilots and Air Transportation Flight……1075 Instructors CHAPTER 21. FLIGHTCREW TRAINING PROGRAMS AND AIRMAN QUALIFICATIONS FOR PARTS 121 AND 135 Section 1. Scope, Concepts, and Definitions 1079 Section 2. Training Approval Process 1099 Section 3. Flight Crew Basic Indoctrination Curriculum Segments ……1127 Section 4. Flight Crew General Emergency Training Curriculum…… 1143 Segments Section 5. Flight Crew Ground Training Curriculum Segments 1164 Section 6. Flight Training Curriculum Segments 1191 Section 7. Flight Crew Qualification Curriculum Segments 1261 Section 8. Special Curriculum Segments 1297 Section 9. Differences Training - All Training Categories 1301 Page 6 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحلي General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Section 10. Flight Crew Recurrent Training Curriculums …… 1308 Section 11. Flight Crew Requalification Training Curriculums …… 1319 Section 12. Flight Training Curriculum for Powered-Lift (Parts 135,……1329 142, and 100) CHAPTER 22. AIRCRAFT DISPATCHER TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION PROGRAMS Section 1. Aircraft Dispatcher Training Curricula 1375 Section 2. Aircraft Dispatcher Basic Indoctrination Curriculum……1384 Segments Section 3. Aircraft Dispatcher Initial Equipment and Transition Ground·1401 Training Curriculum Segments Section 4. Aircraft Dispatcher Qualification Curriculum Segments and… 1410 Recurrent and Requalification Curriculums CHAPTER 23. CABIN CREW MEMBER TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION Section 1. Cabin Crew Member Training Curriculums 1418 Section 2. Cabin Crew Member Training Approval Process 1426 Section 3. Cabin Crew Member Basic Indoctrination Training……1437 Curriculum Segments Section 4. Cabin Crew Member General Emergency Training Curriculum 1448 Segment Section 5. Cabin Crew Member Aircraft Ground Training Curriculum……1497 Segments Section 6. Cabin Safety Concerns 1523 CHAPTER 24. MAINTENANCE AND PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE TRAINING PROGRAM/RECORDS FOR PART 121 Section 1. Training Program Evaluation 1540 Section 2. Evaluate and Approve a Maintenance Human Factors…… 1548 Training Program CHAPTER 25. OPERATIONAL CONTROL FOR AIR OPERATORS Section 1. General Information 1556 Section 2. Part 121 Dispatch Release Systems 1573 Page 7 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحدي General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Section 3. Part 121 Flight Release Systems 1587 Section 4. Part 121 Operations Outside the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia……1597 (KSA), and Extended Overwater Operations. Section 5. Part 135 Flight Locating Systems and Operational Control 1603 CHAPTER 26. EMERGENCY EVACUATION AND DITCHING DEMONSTRATIONS FOR PARTS 121 AND 125 Section 1. General 1614 Section 2. Aborted Takeoff Emergency Evacuation Demonstration 1620 Section 3. Aborted Takeoff Demonstration Procedures 1626 Section 4. Ditching Demonstration 1639 Section 5. Evaluate Emergency Evacuation and Ditching 1645 Demonstration Procedures for Parts 121 and 125 Section 6. Evaluate Issues for Emergency Evacuation/Ditching…… 1648 Procedures/Demonstrations Section 7. Reporting Evacuation Demonstrations 1651 CHAPTER 27. CABIN SAFETY AND CABIN CREW MEMBER SPECIAL EMPHASIS ITEMS FOR PARTS 121 AND 125 Section 1. General Information 1655 Section 2. Special Airworthiness Requirements 1656 Section 3. Instrument and Emergency Equipment Requirements …… 1660 Section 4. Cabin Crew Member Requirements 1662 Section 5. Cabin Crew Member Qualifications 1669 Section 6. Operations - Cabin Safety 1673 CHAPTER 28. AIR AMBULANCE AND REMS OPERATIONS Section 1. Background and Definitions 1689 Section 2. Authorizing Air Ambulance Services 1695 Section 3. Operational Procedures for Air Ambulance Service 1698 Section 4. Air Ambulance Operations Training Programs 1713 Section 5. Operations Risk Assessment for Rotorcraft Emergency……1717 Medical Services (REMS) CHAPTER 29. PART 147 ADMINISTRATION Page 8 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال伊ادق General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Evaluate and Approve Curriculum and Instructor……1726 Qualifications for Part 147 Section 2. Evaluate Facilities, Equipment, Materials, Tools, and Records 1735 for Part 147 CHAPTER 30. FLIGHT CREW TRAINING DEVICES Section 1. Introduction to Flight Crew Training Devices 1741 Section 2. Approval of an Aviation Training Device (ATD) 1743 Section 3. Approval of a Flight Training Device (FTD) 1748 Section 4. Approval of a Full Flight Simulator (FFS) 1749 CHAPTER 31. TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY AIR Section 1. Evaluate the Transportation of Dangerous Goods 1750 Section 2. Evaluate the Preparation of Dangerous Goods 1757 CHAPTER 32. MANAGEMENT OF AVIATION FATIGUE Section 1. Understanding and Applying Part 117 1758 Section 2. Evaluation and Qualification of Onboard Flight Crew Member1794 Rest Facilities for Part 117 Operations CHAPTER 33. AIRCRAFT NETWORK SECURITY PROGRAM Section 1. Evaluating an Operator's Aircraft Network Security Program 1817 CHAPTER 34. AUTHORIZATION OF E-LEARNING TRAINING PROGRAMS Section 1. Authorization of E-Learning Training Programs 1823 Page 9 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال伊ان المضي General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY – ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 1. PARTS 91 ADMINISTRATION Section 1. Balloon Operations 4.1.1.1. GENERAL. This section provides information to the aviation safety inspector (Inspector) concerning commercial and non-commercial balloon operations, when reviewing an application for a certificate of waiver or authorization for an aviation event that involves balloon operations, and when performing surveillance of balloon operations. It also includes safety considerations from the balloon industry. Additional guidance concerning balloon competitions and meets is located in the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) eBook Volume 11, Chapter 2: Issue a Certificate of Waiver or Authorization for a Special Aviation Event. A. Regulatory Compliance. Manned balloons are a class of the lighter-than-air category of aircraft, and are operated under General Authority of Civil Aviation Regulation (GACAR) Part 91. Unmanned moored balloons and unmanned free balloons are governed by GACAR Part 101. Manned balloons are maintained under GACAR Part 43. Operators of manned balloons operated commercially (e.g. sightseeing flights) must be certificated under GACAR Part 119 and operated under GACAR Part 135. Balloon pilots are certificated under GACAR Part 61. For the purposes of balloon operations in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), when a balloon is secured to the ground or to a fixed object by lines which prohibit free flight, it will be referred to as a “moored” balloon secured by “mooring lines”. B. Safety Considerations. The following safety considerations should be observed during balloon operations. 1) When surface winds exceed 7 knots, the potential hazards with balloon launch procedures increase dramatically with the increase of wind speed. 2) Balloon pilots should consider existing and forecast wind directions and velocities when selecting launch sites. If there are trees or obstructions downwind the pilot should ensure that there are adequate distances to permit the balloon to climb above them. NOTE: Extreme caution (including termination of flight) must be used anytime balloon operations are contemplated close to or upwind of high tension wires. Page 10 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه والاصلاح General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 3) Before takeoff the pilot should ensure that the ground crew is thoroughly briefed as to their duties during the planned fight. 4) Balloon pilots must select appropriate launch and landing sites. Under light or calm wind conditions, these sites might be quite small. 5) The pilot should ensure that existing and forecast weather conditions are suitable for the planned operations. 6) The pilot should always be aware of the possibility of becoming becalmed (unable to drift because of lack of wind) over areas offering limited appropriate landing sites. If groundspeed slows, the pilot should consider landing before drifting over those areas. 7) Balloon pilots must be aware of the potential hazards of operating in areas of wind shear. These potential hazards include abrupt changes in ground speed and/or direction during takeoff or landing, changes in the shape, size, and flight characteristics, even closure of the mouth of the balloon in flight when shear exceeds 15 knots. Balloon pilots must take precautions to avoid wake turbulence and rotor wash of large aircraft. C. Minimum Safe Altitudes. GACAR § 91.67(a), (b), and (c) apply to all free balloon operations. Except when necessary for takeoff or landing, a balloon may not be operated below an altitude that would permit an emergency landing without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface. D. Powered Civil Aircraft Equipment and Instrument Requirements. As used in the GACARs, the term “powered” refers to aircraft with horizontal propulsion systems. Under GACAR Part 1, balloons are considered lighter-than-air aircraft and are not considered powered aircraft. As a result, the minimum equipment and instruments required for hot air and gas balloons are prescribed in the airworthiness standard identified in GACAR Part 31. 4.1.1.3. UNMANNED BALLOONS. An unmanned balloon is a balloon that does not carry a person, even though it may be capable of carrying a crew and passengers. Unmanned moored and unmanned free balloon operations must be conducted in accordance with GACAR Part 101. A. Unmanned Moored Balloons. An unmanned moored balloon is a balloon that is secured to the earth by several mooring lines and does not carry a person. The mooring lines prevent the balloon from swinging in the wind and keep it in a stationary position (Figure 4.1.1.1). Page 11 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه الم之外的 General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION B. Unmanned Free Balloons. An unmanned free balloon is not secured to the earth, is controlled or monitored from the ground during flight, and does not carry a person. C. GACAR Part 101. 1) GACAR Part 101 applies only to unmanned (moored and free) balloons. GACAR Part 101 does not apply to hot air or gas balloons (aircraft) that are occupied by passengers and crew. All manned balloons must be operated under GACAR Part 91. 2) There are no airworthiness standards for unmanned balloons because carriage of passengers aloft is not intended. 3) GACAR § 101.29 requires an automatic (2) rapid deflation device on a moored balloon to protect airspace users from a moored balloon that separates from its moorings. An automatic deflation device operates independently of any human input. It must be designed to deflate the envelope if a balloon separates from the mooring. 4.1.1.5. MANNED BALLOONS. A. Manned Balloon Considerations. Manned balloons, whether moored or free flight, are considered aircraft and must be operated in compliance with all the operating, certification, and airworthiness regulations applicable to aircraft. B. Operational Considerations. 1) When not in total free flight, a manned, moored balloon is limited by its mooring lines (normally three) that allow the balloon a radius of movement around the points of anchor (Figure 4.1.1.2). The size of this radius of action depends on the length of the mooring lines and the strength of the wind. 2) Operation of a manned, moored balloon requires essentially the same vertical control skills as those required to operate a free balloon. 3) A balloon on long mooring lines (over 50 m) may create a collision hazard between other aircraft and the mooring lines. For night operations, consideration should be given to providing lighted mooring lines. Where local air traffic service (ATS) service is available, the operator should advise the ATS facility of the presence of the mooring lines and balloon. Page 12 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه والانсحه General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 4) When a balloon is moored in Class D airspace, the operator must advise the appropriate ATS facility of the balloon operation. C. Bungee Jumping. Manned, moored balloons used for the purpose of bungee jumping must meet all appropriate operational requirements of GACAR Parts 61 and 91, must be certificated in accordance with GACAR Part 21, and must be maintained in accordance with GACAR Parts 43 and 91. Balloons that have been modified must have a design approval in accordance with the requirements of GACAR Part 21 for the modifications. 4.1.1.7. GAS BALLOONS. Gas balloons are regulated in the same manner as hot air balloons. However, certification of gas balloon pilots is a unique situation. At present there are no Airman Certification Standards/Practical Test Standards (ACS/PTS) for initial certification of gas balloon pilots. Inspectors who conduct initial practical tests for free balloon (gas) pilots should use the applicable portions of the free balloon (with airborne heater)Airman Certification Standards/Practical Test Standards (ACS/PTS), which are those tasks in the Free Balloon (with airborne heater) Airman Certification Standards/Practical Test Standards (ACS/PTS) that are common to both hot air and gas balloons. Refer to GACAR Part 61 for training, testing, and certification requirements for balloon pilots. 4.1.1.9 BALLOON SURVEILLANCE. Guidance for Inspector surveillance of balloon operations, whether commercial, non-commercial, or as part of an aviation event, is contained in the GACA eBook Volume 12, Surveillance, specifically but not limited to Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, and 15. Figure 4.1.1.1. Unmanned Moored Balloon Page 13 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحتري General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION NOTE: This balloon's operation is subject to GACAR Part 101. Page 14 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال меди General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION Figure 4.1.1.2. Manned Moored Balloon Page 15 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA العربيه للطيران المدني General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION NOTE: This manned, moored balloon's operation is subject to GACAR Part 61, 43 and 9, as appropriate. Page 16 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA العلانيه للطبيه وال меди General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY – ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 1. PARTS 91 ADMINISTRATION Section 2. Major Event Planning 4.1.2.1. GACA ACTIVITY REPORT (GAR). A. 1942 (OP) (Major Event – Safety Support) 4.1.2.3. OBJECTIVE. This section provides information pertaining to the acceptable methods for organizing the aviation community for major events, such as major sports events (football matches, auto racing, golf, etc.). It is not limited to sporting events, but can be used whenever there is a large amount of aviation activity on an infrequent basis with an open gathering of people. The goal of this task is to enhance air and ground safety. NOTE: This task does not include guidance for Special Aviation Events that require a General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) Certificate of Waiver or Authorization under GACAR Part 91. 4.1.2.5. GENERAL. A. The GACA realizes that there are certain public events that attract large numbers of aircraft to one location (e.g. the Olympic Games or World Cup Football matches). Therefore, a generic aviation plan is necessary to provide the safest environment possible for such events. Safety was the driving force behind the development process for this task. A major event can be either a great success, or end in tragedy. Therefore, detailed planning is required. Using the resources and experience of local resources, GACA aviation safety inspectors (Inspectors), and Air Traffic Service (ATS) personnel will enhance safety and should not impede operations or commerce surrounding the event. B. The planning process begins with a determination of which phase is applicable to the event. The processes for the event can be divided into four phases: Planning, Implementation, Review, and Re-Engineering. Each phase is important and requires the organizers to tailor each one of the phases for their event, as each event is different. 4.1.2.7. PLANNING. The planning phase begins in conjunction with the decision to hold an event. Page 17 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبیان المحلي General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION It is also the best time for GACA Inspectors and ATS facilities to contact the Event Organizing Officials. A determination can be made regarding the requirements for aviation support in anticipation of extra activities. It is better to overestimate aviation activities than be caught by surprise, especially for the first planned event. Afterwards, the ability to successfully plan succeeding events improves with experience. A. Event organizers should consider making arrangements with the following organizations: 1) It is important for local emergency services (fire, medical, etc.), law enforcement agencies, and local transit or transportation authorities to be involved during the early planning stages. Each agency will bring unique experiences and resources to assist with the event. Plans should be made for emergencies on and off the event site, including plans for multiple casualties. 2) The managers of any local aerodromes that may be involved should be invited to the planning, since they will have direct knowledge of the local aviation facilities and operators as well as the level of involvement each may have during the event. Ensure that a ground safety plan has been developed for the aerodromes and landing areas. The plan should address parking and refueling of aircraft and the safe passage of passengers/pilots walking on the ramp area. 3) Important allies to aviation safety that should be included in the planning phase are the event liability insurance representative and insurance risk manager. The insurance representative can provide guidance regarding the terms of the event insurance coverage and the risk manager can assure compliance with those terms. The insurance companies have a vested interest that the event operates safely. 4) The event organizers will decide if there is a necessity to contract out certain functions, for example, heliport operations, aircraft fuelers, and transportation (e.g., buses). If it is necessary to use contractors, they should be included in the planning phase. 5) The event organizers might consider the use of any volunteer groups which normally support either the primary event type or aviation events in general. These groups can assist in security, ground handling, and safety escorts on the flight line, etc. B. The event plan should cover issues that occur before, during, and after the event. Each segment has different requirements that require consideration. Prior to the event, the plan might cover Page 18 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال伊ان المضني General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION mass migration of aircraft to one, maybe two, aerodrome(s). During the event, the plan should cover the operation of rotorcraft, banner towing aircraft, airships, and balloons over and in the vicinity of the event site. After the event, the plan should prepare for the mass exodus from the event site and aerodromes. C. The importance of in-depth planning cannot be overemphasized. The planning efforts will be rewarded when the spectators enjoy the event in a safe environment. 4.1.2.9. IMPLEMENTATION. This phase begins when the event plans are put into action. It may begin days or even months prior to the event. An important aspect of implementing the plan is to be flexible. Even the best-laid plans are usually modified at some point. The event organizers must be empowered to make minor on-the-spot changes that will increase efficiency and not compromise safety. When changes develop, the event organizers should ensure that the changes are communicated to the GACA and to all parties concerned. It is recommended that all key people keep a list of problems that were encountered for future reference. Lessons learned through after-event reviews often improve the level of safety for future events. A. The GACA can assist the organizers with GACA presence during the implementation phase. (Since many events are on private property, ensure that the landowner gives permission, and if necessary obtain credentials for GACA personnel to operate on site.) Experience has shown that GACA presence will significantly reduce the chances of blatant disregard for aviation safety. B. Implementing a plan will require the event organizers to be available throughout the event. Consider the use of a network of cellular telephones or two-way radios to accomplish this and, if possible, GACA representatives should have access to this communication network. 4.1.2.11. REVIEW. This phase is very important to the organizers of recurring events. Also, if the lessons learned are shared, they will benefit others who follow with similar types of events. A. The key to the review is for everyone involved to provide feedback. The key personnel should feel compelled to give honest, in-depth feedback. It is a good idea to solicit comments from those outside the planning team, such as pilots, bus drivers, and spectators. This could be accomplished with either a formal or informal survey. B. While positive notes are likely to be briefer, they are also important. If something really worked well, then it should not be compromised needlessly while correcting a different problem. The comments should be documented, if possible as a group, and brainstorm possible solutions Page 19 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA العلانيه الخاصه للطيران المضني General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION to problems that have been identified. Documentation will increase the potential for success in future events and leads directly to the next phase. 4.1.2.13. RE-ENGINEERING. A. This phase can impact all future events. By evaluating the event plans and making the best changes from the review, the organizers can begin developing the plans for the next event. This should not be delayed. Completion of this phase while it is still relatively fresh on the minds of all key people is crucial to system enhancement. B. This phase should lead into the planning phase for your next event. Approach the next planning phase with the knowledge of past events, but resist complacency in regarding the future. Each event has the potential for a mishap. A successful event will continue to grow as long as the safety of spectators and aviation participants is a first priority. Page 20 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه المطبيه للطبيه وال меди General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY – ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 1. PARTS 91 ADMINISTRATION Section 3. Evaluating and Inspecting Part 91 Aircraft 4.1.3.1. GACA ACTIVITY REPORT (GAR). A. 3425 (AW) (Initial Progressive Inspection) B. 3426 (AW) (Revision-Progressive Inspection) C. 3427 (AW) (Equipment-Approval Cat I) D. 3428 (AW) (Initial-Inspection Program Turbine) E. 3429 (AW) (Revision-Inspection Program Turbine) 4.1.3.3. OBJECTIVE. This section discusses the procedures to monitor aircraft and approved Aircraft Inspection Programs (AIP) under General Authority of Civil Aviation Regulations (GACAR) Part 91. 4.1.3.5. INSPECTION PROGRAMS. Several types of inspection programs are available to GACAR Part 91 owner/operators: A. Annual and 100-Hour Inspections. The annual and 100-hour inspections are identical in scope and detail. The only difference is in the performance and approval of the annual inspection, which must be accomplished by a person authorized under GACAR §§ 43.5 and 43.9, as provided in GACAR Part 66. 1) GACAR § 43.15 requires persons approving or disapproving equipment for return to service after any required inspection to make an entry in the record of that equipment. An approved repair station documenting compliance with an annual inspection in the aircraft maintenance records meets the requirements of GACAR § 43.5. a) An owner/operator maintaining separate records for the aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component parts will make the entry for both the annual Page 21 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبیعان المحتري General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION inspection and the 100-hour inspection in the aircraft maintenance record. (GACAR § 91.457, and § 43.15.) b) An owner/operator shall ensure that maintenance personnel make appropriate entries in the records for the aircraft, airframe, aircraft engine, propeller, appliance, or component part. Owners/operators keeping the required records together in a single record will make the entry of the annual inspection in that record. The entries for 100-hour inspections and other maintenance also will be made in this record, as required by GACAR § 91.457. 2) Annual Inspections. GACAR § 91.449(a) requires that any person who operates aircraft must ensure that the aircraft has documenting compliance with an annual inspection in the aircraft maintenance records meets the requirements of GACAR Part 43. a) Annual inspections are designed to provide a complete and comprehensive inspection of an aircraft. They are performed at least each 12 calendar-months. The inspection determines the condition of the aircraft and the maintenance required to return the aircraft to an airworthy condition. Appendix C of GACAR Part 43 defines the scope and detail of an annual inspection. b) The owner/operator of an aircraft may have annual inspections at any interval that does not exceed the maximum of 12 calendar-months between inspections, as specified by GACAR § 91.449(a)(1). For example, an aircraft inspected and approved upon any day of a calendar-month will become due for inspection upon the last day of the same month, 12 months later. c) GACAR Part 43, Appendix C provide that all systems, components, and appliances shall be checked to ensure proper installation and satisfactory operation. 1. Before conducting surveillance of annual inspections performed by maintenance personnel, aviation safety inspectors (Inspectors) should become familiar with the manufacturer's recommended inspection procedures, special instructions, etc. 2. Inspectors also should know the acceptable degree of deterioration or defect permitted by the manufacturer, as set forth in the manufacturer's manuals or other data. Page 22 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال按 General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION d) In all cases, persons authorized to perform inspections under GACAR § 43.9 must determine from records and physical inspection that the aircraft conforms to the contents of the following: - Approved type design for the aircraft as specified in: - Type certificate data sheets (TCDS) - Supplemental Type Certificates (STC), if applicable • Airworthiness Directives (AD) e) The above documents must be available to the maintenance personnel conducting an inspection. Applicability of an STC may be determined by reference to the aircraft maintenance records. f) The inspection is not considered complete until the required recording procedures of GACAR §§ 43.15 and 91.457 are met. 1. Under the provisions of GACAR § 43.15, the agency or person approving or disapproving for return to service is responsible for recording the inspection in the maintenance records. 2. If the person conducting the inspection finds the aircraft to be un-airworthy, appropriate entries must be made in the aircraft maintenance records. The owner/operator must be provided a list of discrepancies or un-airworthy items. 3. The owner/operator must ensure that the maintenance records contain proper entries according to GACAR § 91.457. The owner/operator must have discrepancies found during the inspection repaired, as prescribed in GACAR Part 43, before the aircraft is returned to service. g) When conducting surveillance, Inspectors (Airworthiness) will review aircraft maintenance records to determine if the requirements of an annual inspection have been accomplished. 3) The 100-Hour Inspection. Appendix C of GACAR Part 43 defines the scope and detail of Page 23 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطبيع وال按 General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION a 100-hour inspection. 100-hour inspections are required, in addition to annual inspections, under the following situations: - Aircraft are operated for carrying persons for compensation or hire - Aircraft are used for flight instruction for hire NOTE: When a flight instructor is not included in the rental agreement, a 100-hour inspection is not required on an aircraft when it is rented out. B. Progressive Inspections. The progressive inspection must be a complete inspection of the aircraft, conducted in stages, with all stages to be completed in a period of 12 calendar-months. 1) An owner/operator desiring to use a progressive inspection program must submit a written request to the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA). a) The owner/operator may develop a progressive inspection program tailored to fit the operation. b) Progressive inspection programs developed by the manufacturer do not automatically fit the needs of each individual operator; Inspectors must review them on a case-by-case basis. c) The owner/operator's progressive inspection program may be more restrictive than the manufacturer's program, but it may not be less restrictive unless sufficient justification is presented to and accepted by the GACA. 2) The aviation safety inspector (Inspector) should not attempt to establish for the owner/operator arbitrary intervals for the inspection or overhaul of aircraft. Intervals should be based on the manufacturer's recommendations, field service experience, malfunction and defect history, and the type of operation in which the aircraft is engaged. 3) If the progressive inspection is discontinued, the owner or operator shall notify the GACA in writing immediately. After the discontinuance, the first annual inspection is due within 12 calendar-months after the complete inspection has been accomplished according to the progressive inspection program. Page 24 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه والاصلاح General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION C. Turbine Powered Multiengine Airplanes and Turbine Powered Rotorcraft (that were certificated in other than the transport or commuter categories) Inspection Programs. These aircraft must be inspected according to the requirements of an inspection program selected by the owner/operator. GACAR § 91.449(f) outlines various options available to the owner/operator. 1) It may appear that some of the options specified in GACAR § 91.449(f)(1) through (3) do not involve the GACA Inspector, as they refer to previously approved and manufacturer-recommended programs. However, Inspectors must recognize that these programs must be either currently recommended by the manufacturer or currently in use by GACAR Part 121125, or 135 operators who are supplying the program. The intent of this requirement is to prevent the use of obsolete programs. 2) Reference to a manufacturer-recommended program has led to several misconceptions about what precisely constitutes such a program. a) GACAR § 91.449(f)(2) refers to “Inspection programs currently recommended by the manufacturer.” No reference is made to the aircraft manufacturer specifically. GACAR § 91.449, however, requires inspection of the airframe, engines, propellers, appliances, survival equipment, and emergency equipment. b) Therefore, a complete manufacturer's recommended program consists of the program supplied by the airframe manufacturer and supplemented by the inspection programs provided by the manufacturers of the engines, propellers, appliances, survival equipment, and emergency equipment installed on the aircraft. NOTE: Because this program addresses inspections only, it does not include Service Bulletins (SB), Service Letters (SL), service instructions, and other maintenance documents, unless they require an inspection to be performed. D. Approved Aircraft Inspection Programs (AAIP) (GACAR §§ 91.449 and 91.455). GACAR Part 91 addresses the use of an AAIP in three sections. 1) GACAR § 91.449(f) states that the owner/operator must select, identify, and use one of the inspection programs. Section 91.449(f) presents as one of the options “an approved aircraft inspection program approved under § 135.419...and currently in use by a person holding an air operating certificate issued under Part 135.” Page 25 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحلي General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 2) GACAR § 91.449(g) states “Each operator of an airplane or turbine-powered rotorcraft desiring to establish or change an approved aircraft inspection program under paragraph (f)(3) of this section must submit the program for approval to the GACA.” 3) GACAR § 91.455(a) states “Whenever the President finds that revisions to an approved aircraft inspection program under § 91.449(f)(3) are necessary for the continued adequacy of the program, the owner or operator shall, after notification by the President, make any changes in the program found to be necessary by the President.” E. Manufacturers' Inspection Programs. These programs may be included in the Aircraft Maintenance Manuals or offered by the manufacturer separately. Typically, they are designed to provide the owner/operation with a degree of scheduling flexibility and a minimum of downtime. Inspectors should carefully review these programs as they may not cover items such as avionics, emergency equipment, or equipment installed by a person other than the manufacturer. 4.1.3.7. COMPUTERIZED RECORDKEEPING AND ALERTING PROGRAMS. Computer companies have made available software designed to function as maintenance tracking programs. For guidance on this subject, see Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Advisory Circular (AC) 120-78 (as amended), Acceptance and Use of Electronic Signatures, Electronic Recordkeeping Systems, and Electronic Manuals. 4.1.3.9. REFERENCES, FORMS, AND JOB AIDS. A. References: • GACAR Parts 39, 43 and 91 - Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) AC 43-9 (as amended), Maintenance Records. • FAA AC 43 16 (as amended), General Aviation Maintenance Alerts. • FAA AC 120 78 (as amended), Acceptance and use of Electronic Signatures, Electronic Recordkeeping Systems, and Electronic Manuals. B. Forms. GAR. C. Job Aids. None. Page 26 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه وال兰花 General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 4.1.3.11. PROCEDURES. A. Review and Accept a Progressive Inspection Program. 1) Advise the owner/operator desiring a progressive inspection program to submit a letter of intent (LOI) and a copy of the program, as required by GACAR § 91.449(d). NOTE: The inspector should carefully review GACAR § 91.449(d) prior to analysis of the program. 2) Upon receipt of the LOI and the program, ensure the following: a) The program includes the entire aircraft and its components. b) The program will provide a complete inspection of the aircraft within 12 calendar-months. Inspection intervals should be based on the manufacturer's recommendations, field service experience, malfunction or defect history, and the type of operation in which the aircraft is engaged. c) The scope of the inspection equals that of an annual-type inspection. d) The progressive inspection schedule ensures that the aircraft at all times will be airworthy and will conform to all applicable aircraft specifications, TCDS, ADs, and other approved data. e) The program includes procedures for the immediate, written notification to the GACA upon the discontinuance of the progressive program and the assumption of an annual inspection program. 3) Analyze results of the review. 4) Notify the operator in writing of any deficiencies found in the program. a) Request that the operator inform the GACA of plans for resolving deficient items. b) Once deficiencies have been corrected to meet the requirements of GACAR § 91.449, notify the operator in writing that the program has been accepted. Page 27 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA الطبيه العامه للطبيه والмеندр General Authority of Civil Aviation [Non-Text] EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 5) Establish and maintain an operator file according to GACA procedures. The file should include a copy of the program and all related correspondence. B. Approve an Aircraft Inspection Program under GACAR § 91.449(g). 1) Advise the operator of an airplane or turbine-powered rotorcraft desiring an approved aircraft inspection program to submit the program for approval to the GACA. 2) Ensure the program is in writing and details the following: - Instructions and procedures for conducting inspections, including necessary tests and checks - Inspection intervals, expressed in terms of time in service, calendar time, number of system operations, or any combination of these - The parts and areas that must be inspected 3) Compare the submitted program with the manufacturer's recommended program. Ensure that the applicant completely justifies all deletions of items and inspection period escalations. Where there is no manufacturer's recommended program, use a time-tested program for comparison purposes. 4) Ensure that the program developed by the applicant provides a level of safety equivalent to or greater than that provided by the inspection options of GACAR § 91.449(f)(1) through (3). 5) Indicate approval on the cover page of the aircraft inspection program. Include the date of approval, the inspector's signature, and the office name, number, and location. Stamp the list of effective pages with the office stamp, date, and the signature of the inspector. C. Review Maintenance Records. Ensure that persons approving and disapproving equipment for return to service after any required inspection have entered the inspection in the record of that equipment. Verify that when an owner/operator maintains a single record, the entry for required inspections is made in that record. Ensure that if the owner/operator maintains separate records for the airframe, engines, powerplants, propellers, appliances, and components, the entry for required inspections is made in each. Page 28 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطبيع وال按 General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION 1) For an annual/100-hour inspection, review records to ensure compliance with the requirements of GACAR §§ 43.15 and 91.457. Determine that appropriate entries have been made to meet the regulatory requirements. 2) For a progressive inspection, ensure that records indicate the following: - Completion of an annual inspection within the past 30 days prior to the start of inspections under a progressive inspection program - Compliance with inspection intervals prescribed in the progressive program - Completion of the inspection cycle within 12 calendar-months 3) For turbine-powered multiengine airplanes and turbine-powered rotorcraft inspection programs, ensure the maintenance records indicate that the owner/operator has identified and is using a selected program according to GACAR § 91.449(f). For any inspection program with a computerized recordkeeping and alerting system, see Volume 4, Chapter 11, Section 4, Electronic Recordkeeping for guidance on approval of such systems. 4.1.3.13. TASK OUTCOMES. A. Complete the GAR Record. B. Complete the Task. Successful completion of the task will result in acceptance and/or approval of the inspection programs. 4.1.3.15. FUTURE ACTIVITIES. Carefully monitor inspection systems for compliance with appropriate GACARs and for continued airworthiness of subject aircraft. Determine whether maintenance practices are performed at an adequate level of safety. Direct particular attention to any areas where trends indicate a faulty inspection system or inadequate maintenance. Take immediate action to correct any deficiencies. Page 29 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA العربيه للطبيه والنماض General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY – ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER 2. EXEMPTIONS, WAIVERS AND AUTHORIZATIONS Section 1. Exemptions 4.2.1.1. GACA ACTIVITY REPORT (GAR). A. (TBD) 4.2.1.3. GENERAL EXEMPTION GUIDANCE. The granting of an exemption is generally viewed as an alternative method of complying with a regulatory requirement. The legislation governing civil aviation in Saudi Arabia is the Civil Aviation Act. Article 5 of the Act which has vested the authority for administering this legislation onto the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA), which is governed by a Board of Directors. The Board of Directors of GACA delegates to the President the responsibility for regulatory policy in the sectors of civil aviation. In order to ensure the orderly and safe development of aviation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), operational regulations have been imposed on virtually all aviation activities. These regulations are known as the General Authority of Civil Aviation Regulations (GACARs). Exemptions to the GACARs are governed by procedures prescribed in GACAR Part 11. A grant of exemption and each specific condition and limitation of the exemption is a regulatory requirement. 4.2.1.5. THE REGULATORY EXEMPTION PROCESS. A. It has long been recognized that, in certain situations governed by law, there may be occasions when a regulation cannot or ought not to apply. In such cases, it may be appropriate to issue an "exemption" which exempts compliance from all or part of the regulatory requirement. In the KSA, regulatory exemptions to civil aviation regulatory requirements are dealt with using two different approaches: 1) In the first approach the Civil Aviation Act specifically permits exemptions to regulatory requirements in certain specified circumstances. Articles 10(2) and 81(3) are examples of this approach in that specific aircraft requirements can be exempted for aircraft engaged in technical tests, teaching or training. 2) In the second approach, the provisions of Article 16(17) of the Civil Aviation Act, which permit the GACA to issue government orders necessary to exercise the powers of the Act, are Page 30 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA العلانيه العامه للطيران المدني General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION utilized. In this case the GACA has issued orders that permit the exemption of regulatory requirements in specific circumstances provided that two principles are respected: - Specific restrictions or conditions are imposed that will provide for an acceptable level of safety - The exemption is in the best interest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia B. It must be borne in mind, however, that it is a fundamental requirement of the Saudi Arabian legal system that legislative enactments will be applied universally and governs all members of the affected public equally. This enables each person to know what is required and to act with the expectation that all persons to whom the law or order applies will be obeying the known requirements of that law or order. For this reason, exemptions to regulatory requirements using this second approach must only be granted in exceptional circumstances and when the principles of fairness, transparency and public safety are respected. C. Phase One - Petition for Exemption. In general, regulatory exemptions must begin with a petition from a person who seeks the regulatory exemption. A petition for exemption must be submitted in writing to the President using a Petition for Regulatory Exemption. The petition must include the following items: - Identification of who needs the exemption - Identification of the regulation(s) that an exemption is requested from including the extent of the relief sought • The reason that the exemption is required - Justification for the exemption including the identification of compensating features or factors that will provide for an acceptable level of safety • The date the exemption is required by • The required duration of the exemption - If the petitioner wants to exercise the privileges of your exemption outside the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the reason(s) why this is needed Page 31 EBOOK VOLUME 4 UNCONTROLLED DOCUMENT WHEN DOWNLOADED Consult the GACA website for current version VERSION 11.0 GACA اللغه العربيه للطيبان المحتري General Authority of Civil Aviation EBOOK - VOLUME 4. AIR OPERATOR & AIR AGENCY - ADMINISTRATION NOTE: GACA Circular No. R-7-2009 has been published which informs all petitioners for regulatory exemptions what they must do, which form they must use and who the petition must be sent to. D. Phase Two - GACA Review and Assessment. Exemptions are granted by the President only in exceptional circumstances and only after a thorough analysis is conducted on the impact the granting of the exemption may have on aviation safety. An acceptable level of safety is established through the development of restrictions and conditions that will provide alternate requirements or procedures to ensure any safety concerns are satisfied and safety is not compromised. In this regard, consideration should be given to any pending amendments to the regulation as well as the terms and conditions of previously issued exemptions. The test for assessing the merits of an exemption petition is two-fold. Each exemption must answer the following two questions positively or the exemption request must be denied: - Have specific restrictions or conditions been imposed that will provide for an acceptable level of safety to account for the regulatory requirements that are being exempted? - Is the exemption in the best interest of the KSA? 1) Each question stands on its own and must be addressed independently. In other words, the results of the test must be that the exemption is both in the best interest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and is not likely to adversely affect aviation safety. 2) The analysis of the exemption request is made by a team of experts from the GACA Safety & Economic Regulation Sector. Ideally, the team shall be composed of experts in the subject area of the regulation(s) to be exempted. The assessment team shall summarize its analysis in an assessment report. The purpose of the assessment report is to summarize the case being put forward by the petitioner for an exemption and to justify the basis for the decision made by President to either grant, partially grant or deny the request. In this way, the official record will show that the delegated authority has been exercised in accordance with a disciplined process, having taken into consideration all of the relevant facts and policies on the case. In short, the assessment report will reflect GACA's consideration of the exempti …(3,851,538 more chars)