The Saudi Arabian Grid Code

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(1 من 1 صنحه)
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
ELECTRICITY & CO-GENERATION REGULATORY AUTHORITY
Board of Directors

المملكه العربيه السعوديه
متدنطيم المرزي والبشحل المرزي
مجلس الاداره
كود النقل للكهرباء
المعتمد بقرار مجلس اداره هييه تنظيم الكهرباء والانتاج المزدوح رقم (٢٨-١٦-٣) و تاريخ
الرجليه لمتا انتجيلا

The Saudi Arabian Grid Code
Issue: 01
Revision: 00
May 2007

Prepared by:
Saudi Electricity Company (SEC)

الشركه السعوديه للك大理石ا
Saudi Electricity Company
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written permission of the Electricity & Cogeneration Regulatory Authority.

CHRONOLOGY OF SAUDI ARABIAN GRID CODE REVISIONS
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Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHRONOLOGY OF SAUDI ARABIAN GRID CODE REVISIONS......i
FOREWORD ......viii
PREFACE......ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....xi
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL CONDITIONS....11
1.1 Introduction 11
1.2 Objectives 11
1.3 Scope.... 11
1.4 Grid Code Implementation and Enforcement.... 11
1.5 Settlement of Disputes 11
1.6 Unforeseen Circumstances.... 11
1.7 Suspension of Grid Code Provisions.... 11
1.8 Illegality and Partial Invalidity.... 11
1.9 Force Majeure.... 11
1.10 The Grid Code Supervisory Committee (GCSC).... 11
1.11 Grid Code Amendment or Derogation Process 11
1.12 Communication between the TSP and Users.... 11
1.13 Data, Notices, and Confidentiality.... 11
1.14 Ownership of Plant and/or Apparatus.... 11
1.15 System Control.... 11
1.16 Code Interpretation 11
1.16.1 Precedence 11
1.16.2 Glossary and Definitions 11
1.16.3 Preface, Table of Contents, and Titles 11
1.16.4 Mandatory Provisions 11
1.16.5 Plural and Gender 11
1.16.6 Person or Entity 11
1.16.7 Amendment of Standards 11
1.16.8 Figures 11
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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 2 CONNECTION CODE ....11
2.1 Introduction 11
2.2 Objectives 11
2.3 Grid Connection Procedure 11
2.3.1 General Provisions 11
2.3.2 Grid Impact Studies 11
2.3.3 Application for a New, or Modification of an Existing, Connection 11
2.3.4 Processing of the Application 11
2.3.5 Connection Agreement 11
2.3.6 Submittals Prior to the Commissioning Date 11
2.3.7 Commissioning of Equipment and Physical Connection to the Grid 11
2.4 Transmission System Performance.... 11
2.4.1 General Provisions 11
2.4.2 Frequency Variations 11
2.4.3 Voltage Variations 11
2.4.4 Harmonic Distortion 11
2.4.5 Voltage Unbalance 11
2.4.6 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Severity 11
2.4.7 Transient Voltage Variations 11
2.4.8 Grounding 11
2.5 Plant and Apparatus at Connection Points.... 11
2.5.1 General Provisions 11
2.5.2 Protection Equipment/Schemes 11
2.5.3 Operation and Maintenance Safety Conditions 11
2.5.4 Metering 11
2.5.5 Requirements for Generators 11
2.5.6 Requirements for Distribution Entities and Directly-connected Customers 11
2.6 System Services.... 11
2.7 Site Related Conditions.... 11
2.7.1 Responsibility for Operation and Maintenance 11
2.7.2 Responsibilities for Safety 11
2.7.3 Site and Equipment Identification and Labeling 11
2.7.4 Connection Point Drawings 11
2.7.5 Site Responsibility Schedules 11
2.7.6 Access to Sites 11
2.7.7 Maintenance Procedures 11
2.7.8 Site Operational Procedures 11
APPENDIX A2.1: Preparation of Site Responsibility Schedules .... 11
A2.1.1 Principles 11
A2.1.2 Alterations to Existing Site Responsibility Schedules 11
A2.1.3 Responsible Managers 11
CHAPTER 3 PLANNING CODE....11
3.1 Introduction 11
3.2 Objectives 11
3.3 Grid Planning.... 11
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3.3.1 Grid Planning Responsibility 11
3.3.2 Grid Planning Process 11
3.3.3 Submission of Grid Planning Data 11
3.3.4 Consolidation and Maintenance of Grid Planning Data 11
3.3.5 Planning Criteria and Standards 11
3.3.6 Grid Planning Studies 11
APPENDIX A3.1: Standard Planning Data.... 11
A3.1.1 Historical Energy and Demand 11
A3.1.2 Energy and Demand Forecast 11
A3.1.3 Generating Unit/Station Data 11
A3.1.4 User System Data 11
Appendix A3.2: Detailed Planning Data 11
A3.2.1 Generating Unit/Station Data 11
A3.2.2 User System Data 11
CHAPTER 4 OPERATING CODE....11
4.1 Chapter Overview.... 11
4.2 Operational Demand Forecasts.... 11
4.2.1 Introduction 11
4.2.2 Definitions 11
4.2.3 Objectives 11
4.2.4 Data Required by the TSP for Operational Demand Forecasting 11
4.2.5 Transmission System Forecasts 11
4.3 Outage Planning.... 11
4.3.1 Introduction 11
4.3.2 Definitions 11
4.3.3 Objective 11
4.3.4 Planning of Generating Unit Outages 11
4.3.5 Planning of Transmission System Outages 11
4.3.6 Data Requirements 11
4.4 System Services.... 11
4.4.1 Introduction 11
4.4.2 Objectives 11
4.4.3 Frequency Control 11
4.4.4 Voltage Control 11
4.4.5 System Control 11
4.4.6 Operating Margin 11
4.4.7 Black Start 11
4.5 Operational Liaison.... 11
4.5.1 Introduction 11
4.5.2 Objectives 11
4.5.3 Procedure for Notification of Operations, Events, and Significant Incidents 11
4.5.4 Significant Incidents 11
4.5.5 Amber Alert 11
4.5.6 Significant Incident Reporting Procedure 11
4.6 Operational Communication between the TSP and Users.... 11
4.6.1 Introduction 11
4.6.2 Objectives 11
4.6.3 Contact Locations and their Adequacy 11
4.6.4 Communication Systems and Equipment 11
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4.6.5 Conditions of Monitoring and Recording Equipment 11
4.6.6 SCADA Systems 11
4.7 Contingency Planning 11
4.7.1 Introduction 11
4.7.2 Objective 11
4.7.3 Terms and Conditions 11
4.7.4 Demand Control 11
4.7.5 System Restoration 11
4.8 Operational Testing 11
4.8.1 Introduction 11
4.8.2 Objective 11
4.8.3 Operational Test Request 11
4.8.4 Establishing of the Test Group 11
4.8.5 Operational Test Program 11
4.8.6 Operational Test Report 11
4.9 Testing to Monitor, Investigate, and Verify Performance 11
4.9.1 Introduction 11
4.9.2 Objective 11
4.9.3 Monitoring 11
4.9.4 Investigation 11
4.9.5 Testing to Verify Performance 11
4.9.6 Commissioning Tests 11
4.9.7 Generating Unit Capability Tests 11
4.10 Cross-boundary Safety Assurance 11
4.10.1 Introduction 11
4.10.2 Objective 11
4.10.3 The Safety Rules 11
4.10.4 Safety at the Connection Point 11
4.10.5 Logs of Cross-Boundary Safety Precautions 11
4.10.6 Forms for Cross-Boundary Safety Precautions 11
4.10.7 Approval of Local Safety Instructions 11
4.10.8 Safety Representatives 11
4.10.9 Coordination on Safety Matters 11
CHAPTER 5 - SCHEDULING AND DISPATCH CODE......11
5.1 Introduction 11
5.2 Objective 11
5.3 Generation Scheduling 11
5.3.1 Scheduling Process 11
5.3.2 Generator Declarations 11
5.3.3 Scheduling and Dispatch Parameters 11
5.3.4 Generator Nominations 11
5.3.5 Communication of Declarations and Nominations 11
5.3.6 The Generation Schedule 11
5.3.7 Issuance of Generation Schedule 11
5.3.8 Negative Minimum Demand Regulation (NMDR) 11
5.3.9 Inadequate Operating Margin 11
5.4 Generation Dispatch 11
5.4.1 General Provisions 11
5.4.2 Dispatch Instructions to Generators 11
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5.4.3 Generation Synchronizing and Desynchronizing Times 11
5.4.4 Dispatch of Active Power 11
5.4.5 Dispatch of Reactive Power 11
5.4.6 Additional Dispatch Instructions 11
5.4.7 System Emergency Conditions 11
5.4.8 Generating Unit/Station Parameter Changes 11
5.4.9 Excitation Control System Mode of Operation 11
5.4.10 Dispatch Instructions for Distribution Entities and Directly-connected Customers 11
5.4.11 Nature of Dispatch Instructions 11
APPENDIX A5.1: Generating Block/Unit Declaration.... 11
A5.1.1 Availability Notice 11
A5.1.2 Scheduling and Dispatch Parameters 11
CHAPTER 6 DATA AND INFORMATION EXCHANGE CODE .....11
6.1 Introduction 11
6.2 Objective 11
6.3 Data and Information Categories and Registration.... 11
6.4 Procedure and Obligations 11
6.5 Data and Information Submissions.... 11
6.6 Data and Information to be Registered.... 11
APPENDIX A6.1: SCHEDULE FORMS 11
Schedule 1: Generating Unit Technical Data 11
Schedule 2: Generating Unit/Station Outage Data 11
Schedule 3: Generation Operation Schedule Data 11
Schedule 4: Generation Operational Planning Data 11
Schedule 5: User System Data 11
Schedule 6: Connection Point Data 11
Schedule 7: Demand Control Data 11
Schedule 8: Scheduling and Dispatch Data 11
Schedule 9: User System Load Characteristics 11
Schedule 10: Fault Infeed Data 11
Schedule 11: User Demand Profiles and Active Energy Data 11
Schedule 12: Data Supplied by the TSP to Users 11
CHAPTER 7 METERING CODE....11
7.1 Introduction 11
7.2 Objective 11
7.3 Metering Responsibility.... 11
7.4 Metering Equipment.... 11
7.5 Metering Point 11
7.6 Metering Parameters.... 11
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7.7 Metering Data Storage and Availability 11
7.8 Metering Equipment Standards 11
7.9 Testing and Inspection of Metering Installations 11
7.10 Main and Check Metering.... 11
7.11 Timekeeping 11
7.12 Metering Access and Sealing 11
7.13 Repair and Maintenance of Metering Equipment.... 11
7.14 Approval, Certification, and Testing of Metering Equipment 11
7.15 Meter Reconciliation 11
GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS ...... 11

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Foreword
FOREWORD
The Grid Code is designed to indicate the procedures for both planning and operational purposes and covers both normal and exceptional circumstances. It is however a live working document. It will be, from time to time, subjected to changes and/or revisions to reflect stages of development of the regulatory framework of the industry and changes to comply with legislations and good industry practices. The proposals for changes will be received by the Grid Code Supervisory Committee (GCSC). The rules and responsibilities of the GCSC are described in section 1.10 of the Grid Code. Upon receipt of such proposals for changes, the GCSC will carry out the necessary process as appropriate to study these proposals and officially prepare a report of recommendations to ECRA for its approval. The GCSC is a stakeholder representative panel and its composition is laid down in section 1.10.3 of the Grid Code.
As a user of this Grid Code, it is your responsibility to ensure that you acquire the most up to date issue of the Grid Code which can be downloaded from ECRA's web site WWW.ECRA.GOV.SA.
This Preface is provided to users and to prospective users for their information only and does not constitute a part of the Grid Code.
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Preface
PREFACE
The Saudi Arabian Grid Code has been developed to define the rules and regulations for various Participants for accessing and using the Transmission Grid of the Saudi Electricity Company. The objective is to establish the obligations of the Transmission Service Provider (TSP) and other Grid Users—Generators, Distribution Entities, and Directly-connected Customers—for accessing and using the Grid, in specific to: (i) define obligations, responsibilities, and accountabilities of all the parties towards ensuring open, transparent, non-discriminatory, and economic access and use of the Grid while maintaining its safe, reliable, and efficient operation; (ii) define minimum technical requirements for the Participants; and (iii) set out the information exchange obligations of the Participants.
Through its 7 chapters, the Saudi Arabian Grid Code attempts to cover matters such as defining of technical, design, and operational criteria for Grid access and use, planning for Grid development and reinforcement, System operation criteria and standards, Scheduling and Dispatch of supply and demand resources, exchange of data and information, and metering policies and systems to account for the Power and Energy transactions in the Grid.
Chapter 1, General Conditions, contains provisions which are of general nature and apply to all sections of the Grid Code. Their objective is to ensure that the various sections of the Grid Code work collectively and in harmony with each other for the benefit of all Participants.
Chapter 2, Connection Code, specifies basic principles and establishes a set of technical, design, and operational conditions for the Users for connecting to and using the Grid. It also contains information about the performance characteristics of the Transmission System at the Connection Point to enable the Users to design their own facilities and schemes accordingly.
Chapter 3, Planning Code, provides a framework for enabling the TSP and Users to interact in relation to planning and development of the Transmission System and also specifies the data and information that they have to exchange with each other for this purpose.
Chapter 4, Operating Code, covers a host of topics relating to proper operation of the
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Preface
Grid such as operational demand forecasting, Generation and Transmission maintenance planning, providing and managing of system support services, operational liaison between the TSP and Users and coordination of Safety, planning for and dealing with system contingencies, and organizing and conducting of various tests.
Chapter 5, Scheduling and Dispatch Code, specifies the responsibilities and obligations of the TSP and Users with respect to Scheduling and Dispatch of Generating Units and demand resources and sets out the procedure for supplying of timely and accurate information by the Users to the TSP, the TSP's preparing and issuing of Generation Schedules, and issuing of Dispatch Instructions.
Chapter 6, Data and Information Exchange Code, sets out the obligations and responsibilities of the TSP and Users in relation to the supply of data and information to each other, and also lists the various categories of data and information to be exchanged between the TSP and the Users.
Chapter 7, Metering Code, deals with metering and recording requirements for Participants and clarifies on their obligations relating to such installations. It also sets the minimum technical, design and operational criteria to be complied with by Grid Participants relating to metering and data collection Equipment and installations.
The Glossary and Definitions at the end provides brief definitions and explanation of the various terms that have been used in the various parts of the Grid Code. These terms appear in the Grid Code with their initial letters in uppercase.
The provisions of the Grid Code have been organized using an hierarchical list style numbering system. For instance, the provision numbered as 3.5.2.1, represents clause number 1 of Chapter 3, section 5, and subsection 2. Similarly, the provision numbered as 4.5.3.2 represents clause number 2 of Chapter 4, section 5, and subsection 3.
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List of Abbreviations
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
<table><tr><td>A</td><td>ampere</td></tr><tr><td>AC</td><td>alternating current</td></tr><tr><td>ANSI</td><td>American National Standards Institute</td></tr><tr><td>AVR</td><td>Automatic Voltage Regulator</td></tr><tr><td>CT</td><td>Current Transformer</td></tr><tr><td>DC</td><td>direct current</td></tr><tr><td>DPD</td><td>Detailed Planning Data</td></tr><tr><td>(E)HV</td><td>(Extra) High Voltage</td></tr><tr><td>GCSC</td><td>Grid Code Supervisory Committee</td></tr><tr><td>HV</td><td>High Voltage</td></tr><tr><td>Hz</td><td>hertz</td></tr><tr><td>IEC</td><td>International Electrotechnical Commission</td></tr><tr><td>IEEE</td><td>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</td></tr><tr><td>ITU</td><td>International Telecommunication Union</td></tr><tr><td>kA</td><td>kilo ampere</td></tr><tr><td>kV</td><td>kilo volt</td></tr><tr><td>kvar</td><td>kilo var</td></tr><tr><td>kW</td><td>kilo watt</td></tr><tr><td>kWh</td><td>kilo watt hour</td></tr><tr><td>kvahr</td><td>kilo var hour</td></tr><tr><td>LV</td><td>Low Voltage</td></tr><tr><td>min</td><td>minute</td></tr><tr><td>MVA</td><td>mega volt ampere</td></tr><tr><td>Mvar</td><td>mega var</td></tr><tr><td>Mvarh</td><td>mega var hour</td></tr><tr><td>MW</td><td>mega watt</td></tr><tr><td>MWh</td><td>mega watt hour</td></tr><tr><td>NIOM</td><td>Notification of Inadequate Operating Margin</td></tr><tr><td>NMDR</td><td>Negative Minimum Demand Regulation</td></tr><tr><td>OD</td><td>Operational Data</td></tr><tr><td>\( P_{It} \)</td><td>Flicker Severity Index (Long-term)</td></tr><tr><td>\( P_{st} \)</td><td>Flicker Severity Index (Short-term)</td></tr><tr><td>PSS</td><td>Power System Stabilizer</td></tr><tr><td>PSS/E</td><td>Power System Simulator/Engineering</td></tr><tr><td>PTI</td><td>Power Technologies International</td></tr><tr><td>RMS</td><td>root mean square</td></tr><tr><td>RPM</td><td>revolutions per minute</td></tr><tr><td>RTU</td><td>remote terminal unit</td></tr><tr><td>s</td><td>second</td></tr><tr><td>SCADA</td><td>supervisory control and data acquisition</td></tr><tr><td>SPD</td><td>Standard Planning Data</td></tr><tr><td>STPM</td><td>Short Term Planned Maintenance</td></tr><tr><td>TSP</td><td>Transmission Service Provider</td></tr><tr><td>U</td><td>Generating Unit</td></tr><tr><td>V</td><td>volt</td></tr><tr><td>VA</td><td>volt ampere</td></tr><tr><td>var</td><td>volt ampere reactive</td></tr><tr><td>VT</td><td>Voltage Transformer</td></tr><tr><td>W</td><td>watt</td></tr><tr><td>Wh</td><td>watt hour</td></tr></table>
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Chapter 1: General Conditions
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL CONDITIONS
1.1 Introduction
This chapter contains provisions which are of general nature and apply to all sections of the Grid Code. Their objective is to ensure, to the maximum possible extent, that the various sections of the Grid Code work collectively and in harmony with each other for the benefit of all Participants.
1.2 Objectives
The specific objectives of General Conditions are the following:
(i) clarify on the legal and regulatory framework for implementing and enforcing of the Grid Code;
(ii) specify the purpose, functions, and composition of the Grid Code Supervisory Committee (GCSC);
(iii) describe the framework for making amendments to the Grid Code and for seeking Derogations from its provisions;
(iv) define general rules regarding the communication between the TSP and Users and exchange of data and information between them; and
(v) specify the general rules for interpreting the provisions of the Grid Code.
1.3 Scope
1.3.1 The Grid Code applies to the TSP and to all Users of the Grid, including all persons/parties to whom any individual section of the Grid Code applies. In specific the following:
(i) The Transmission Service Provider (TSP);
(ii) Generators;
(iii) Distribution Entities; and
(iv) Directly-connected Customers.
1.3.2 The provisions under this Code apply to Users seeking new Connection, or modification of an existing Connection, to the Transmission System. Users currently connected to the Transmission System may have been designed to different standards and, therefore, may not be able to comply in whole or in
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part with some or all of these conditions. Such Users should seek Derogation by following the procedure set out in (1.11).
1.4 Grid Code Implementation and Enforcement
1.4.1 The TSP shall be responsible for the Grid Code implementation and enforcement.
1.4.2 For the above purposes, the TSP may need access to the services and facilities of Users or to issue instructions to Users in order to implement and enforce the Grid Code (for example, to isolate or disconnect Plant or Apparatus, etc.). All Users, therefore, are required not only to abide by the letter and spirit of the Grid Code, but also to provide the TSP with such rights of access, services and facilities and to comply with such instructions as the TSP may reasonably require to implement and enforce the Grid Code.
1.4.3 Each party shall, at all times in its dealings with the other parties to the Grid Code, act in good faith and in accordance with the established Good Industry Practices.
1.5 Settlement of Disputes
In case of a dispute between the TSP and a User about any provision of the Grid Code or any issue relating to that provision, the TSP and the User shall first try to settle it bilaterally by making all reasonable endeavors for resolving the dispute. If they cannot resolve the dispute bilaterally, the dispute parties will proceed to deal with the dispute according to the procedure prescribed for this purpose in the Electricity Law or guidelines issued by the Regulator.
1.6 Unforeseen Circumstances
If circumstances arise which the provisions of the Grid Code have not foreseen, the TSP shall, to the extent practicable, consult all Affected Users in an effort to muster consensus on the action required. If agreement between the TSP and such Users cannot be reached in the time available, the TSP shall determine the best course of action. Each User shall comply with all instructions given to it by the TSP following such a determination provided that the instructions are consistent with the then current technical parameters of the relevant User's System registered under the Grid Code. The TSP shall, as soon as reasonably practicable following the occurrence of the unforeseen
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circumstance(s), notify all relevant details thereof to the GCSC for consideration as laid down in (1.10).
1.7 Suspension of Grid Code Provisions
The provisions (in part or in whole) of the Grid Code may be suspended under abnormal conditions or pursuant to any directions given by the Regulator or the Government.
1.8 Illegality and Partial Invalidity
If any provision of the Grid Code should become or be declared unlawful or partially invalid for any reason, the validity of all remaining provisions of the Grid Code shall not be affected.
1.9 Force Majeure
1.9.1 A Participant shall not be considered to be in Default with respect to that Participant's obligation(s) under the Grid Code, other than the obligation to pay money when due, if that Participant is prevented from fulfilling its obligation(s) by Force Majeure. The defaulting Participant shall give notice and the full particulars of such Force Majeure to the other concerned party (or parties) in writing or by telephone as soon as reasonably possible after the occurrence of the Force Majeure. Telephone notices given shall be confirmed in writing as soon as reasonably possible and shall specifically state full particulars of the Force Majeure, the time and date when the Force Majeure occurred, and when the Force Majeure is reasonably expected to cease. The Participant affected shall, however, exercise due diligence and all necessary efforts to remove such disability and fulfill its obligations under the Grid Code.
1.9.2 Mere economic hardship shall not be considered Force Majeure. Acts of negligence or wrongdoings shall also be excluded from Force Majeure.
1.10 The Grid Code Supervisory Committee (GCSC)
1.10.1 The TSP shall constitute and host the Grid Code Supervisory Committee (GCSC) in accordance with the guidelines of the Regulator. The GCSC shall be a standing body carrying out the functions referred to in (1.10.2) below.
1.10.2 The GCSC shall:
(i) keep the Grid Code and its working under review;
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(ii) review all suggestions for amendments to the Grid Code which the Regulator or any Participant may submit to the GCSC for consideration from time to time or the GCSC initiates at its own;
(iii) make recommendations to the Regulator for amendments to the Grid Code which the GCSC feels are necessary or desirable and record the reasons for the recommendations;
(iv) issue guidance in relation to the Grid Code and its implementation, performance, and interpretation upon the reasonable request of any Participant;
(v) consider what changes are necessary to the Grid Code arising out of any unforeseen circumstances referred to it by the TSP under (1.6); and
(vi) review and make recommendation to the Regulator for final decision on any request that a Grid Participant submits to the GCSC to seek Derogation from any provision(s) of the Grid Code.
1.10.3 The GCSC shall be a stakeholder representative panel and shall consist of the following members:
(i) a Chairman and three (3) persons appointed by the TSP;
(ii) a person appointed by the Regulator;
(iii) two (2) persons representing Generators each having Generating Station with a total Registered Capacity exceeding 500 MW;
(iv) one person representing Generators each having Generating Station with a total Registered Capacity 500 MW or less;
(v) one person representing each Distribution Entity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in total four (4); and
(vi) one person to represent Directly-connected Customers.
1.10.4 The GCSC shall establish and comply at all times with its own rules and procedures relating to the conduct of its business, which shall be approved by the Regulator and published by the GCSC within three (3) months of the formation of the GCSC.
1.10.5 The TSP shall provide administrative and logistic support to the GCSC for the GCSC's functioning by establishing the Grid Code Secretariat. This decision may be reviewed by the Regulator. The Secretariat shall be accountable to the Regulator as well as to the GCSC for its activities. The detailed functions and responsibilities, administrative structure, and modes of operation of the
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Secretariat will be further elaborated by the GCSC in its rules and procedure as laid down in (1.10.4) above.
1.11 Grid Code Amendment or Derogation Process
1.11.1 The Regulator is the approving authority for the Grid Code, as well as for making amendments to it and for granting any Derogation from its provisions. For approving any request for amendment or Derogation, the Regulator will be guided by the GCSC recommendations on the relevant matter.
1.11.2 Any Participant, GCSC member, or the Regulator itself may propose amendments to the Grid Code.
1.11.3 Any Participant can seek Derogation from complying with one or more provisions of the Grid Code. The Derogation may be granted by the Regulator on the following grounds:
(i) to provide for existing Plant and/or Apparatus that has not been designed in accordance with the provisions of the Grid Code;
(ii) to facilitate a smooth transition to the Grid Code from the existing situation; and/or
(iii) to ease temporary constraints that prevent compliance and necessitate exemption.
1.11.4 A Participant seeking Derogation shall make a written request to the GCSC and shall be required to justify the request in terms of both the specific circumstances and the expected duration. As a minimum, the application must include the following information:
(i) detail of the applicant;
(ii) relevant provision(s) of the Grid Code and the required performance;
(iii) a description of the relevant Plant and/or Apparatus and the nature and extent of non-compliance;
(iv) a description of the proposal for restoring compliance (where applicable) including details of actions to mitigate risks and restore compliance including timetable;
(v) a description of the reasonable alternative actions that have been considered; and
(vi) a statement of the expected duration of the non-compliance.
1.11.5 The process for seeking amendments to the Grid Code or seeking Derogation from its provisions is depicted in Figure 1.1.
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Figure 1.1. Grid Code Amendment/Derogation Process
1.11.6 On receipt of any request for Grid Code amendment or Derogation, the GCSC shall promptly consider such request (by seeking expert advice/opinion on the request, if necessary) and submit its recommendation(s) to the Regulator for a final decision.
1.11.7 The Regulator shall consider the request in light of the recommendation(s) of the GCSC, and shall decide as appropriate. In deciding on the request, the Regulator may invite the relevant Participant or any member of the GCSC to seek clarification on the request.
1.11.8 The Regulator shall communicate its final decision to GCSC for informing the relevant Participant and/or for taking further action, as appropriate.
1.11.9 If a Derogation is granted, then the relevant Participant will not be obliged to comply with the applicable provision of the Grid Code (to the extent and for the period of the Derogation) and shall comply with any alternate provision as set forth in the Derogation.
1.11.10 A Derogation from the Grid Code will normally have an expiry date in order to review its continued need and monitor performance towards compliance.
1.11.11 Every Derogation will be entered on a register maintained by the Regulator for this purpose.
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1.11.12 A Derogation granted to a Participant shall be non-transferable. Therefore, if a non-compliant Plant or system is sold, the new Participant will need to seek a fresh Derogation.
1.11.13 Where a material change in circumstances has occurred, a review of any existing Derogation, and any Derogation under consideration, may be initiated by the Regulator at its own or at the request of any Participant.
1.12 Communication between the TSP and Users
1.12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the Grid Code, all instructions given by the TSP and communications (other than those relating to the submission of data and notices) between the TSP and Users (other than Generators) shall take place between the TSP Control Engineer based at the TSP Control Center notified by the TSP to each User prior to Connection and the relevant User's Responsible Engineer at the User's Control Center notified by the User to the TSP prior to Connection or such other person as the TSP or the User (as the case may be) may, from time to time, notify to the other for such purposes.
1.12.2 Unless otherwise specified in the Grid Code, all instructions given by the TSP and communications (other than those relating to the submission of data and notices) between the TSP and a Generator shall take place between the TSP Control Engineer based at the TSP Control Center notified by the TSP to each Generator prior to Connection and the Generator's Responsible Engineer at the Generator's Control Center notified by the Generator to the TSP prior to Connection or such other person as the TSP or the Generator (as the case may be) may from time to time notify to the other for such purposes.
1.12.3 Unless otherwise specified in the Grid Code, all instructions given by the TSP and communications (other than those relating to the submission of data and notices) between the TSP and Users will be by telephone, fax, or any other acceptable electronic means, with a facility to record messages permanently.
1.12.4 Where instructions or communications are given under the Grid Code by means of a communications system with a facility to record (by whatever means) messages permanently and without access to erase or modify the recorded instructions and communications, such recording (to be retained for at least one [1] year) shall be accepted by the TSP and Users as evidence of those instructions or communications.
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Chapter 1: General Conditions
1.13 Data, Notices, and Confidentiality
1.13.1 All data and Notices required under the Grid Code (other than data which is the subject of a specific requirement of the Grid Code as to the manner of its delivery) shall be submitted electronically or through any other suitable means agreed upon by the concerned parties. Written notices under the Grid Code shall be served either by hand delivery, registered first-class pre-paid mail, courier service, or facsimile to the TSP or the User, as the case may be.
1.13.2 All data submitted by a User to the TSP, prior to Connection or before the TSP's making an Offer of Connection, in compliance with the Grid Code provisions shall be treated as confidential.
1.13.3 Appropriate data shall be made available by the TSP when requested by a User. These data shall be used only for the purpose specified in the request and shall be treated by the User as confidential.
1.13.4 Data delivered pursuant to paragraph (1.13.1) shall:
(i) in the case of data to be submitted by a User prior to the Connection of its Plant and/or Apparatus to the Transmission System, in relation to that Plant and/or Apparatus, be addressed to Manager, Transmission Asset Planning Department, at the address notified by the TSP to the User following receipt of an application for Connection to the Transmission System, or to such other department within the TSP or address as the TSP may notify to the User from time to time; and
(ii) in the case of data to be submitted by a User in respect of Plant and/or Apparatus already connected to the Transmission System, be addressed to Manager, Transmission Asset Planning Department, at the address notified by the TSP to the User prior to Connection to the Transmission System, or to such other department within the TSP or address as the TSP may notify to the User from time to time.
1.13.5 Notices submitted to Users shall be addressed to such person as may be notified in writing to the TSP from time to time by the relevant User at its address(es) notified by the User to the TSP in writing from time to time for submission of data and service of Notices under the Grid Code (or failing which to the registered or principal office of the User).
1.13.6 All data items, where relevant, will be referenced to nominal voltage and frequency unless otherwise stated.
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1.14 Ownership of Plant and/or Apparatus
References in the Grid Code to Plant and/or Apparatus of a User shall include Plant and/or Apparatus owned by a User and Plant and/or Apparatus used by a User under any agreement with a third party.
1.15 System Control
Where a User System (or part thereof) is, by agreement, under the control of the TSP for the purpose of communication and coordination in operational matters, the TSP can (for those purposes only) treat that User System (or part thereof) as part of the TSP System, but otherwise, it shall remain to be treated as the User System (or part thereof). This will also include any User System or facility used by the TSP as part of the TSP's Transmission path.
1.16 Code Interpretation
1.16.1 Precedence
In the event of any conflict between the provisions of the Grid Code and any contract or agreement between the TSP and a User, the provisions of the Grid Code shall govern, unless the Grid Code expressly provides otherwise.
1.16.2 Glossary and Definitions
When a word or phrase that is defined specifically and in detailed manner in the Glossary and Definitions is more particularly defined in another chapter, section, or sub-section of the Grid Code, the particular definition in that chapter, section, or sub-section shall prevail if there is any discrepancy. Such discrepancies, when noticed, will be brought to the notice of the GCSC and will be removed during the next revising of the Grid Code.
1.16.3 Preface, Table of Contents, and Titles
The Preface, Table of Contents, and Titles have been added for the information and convenience of the users of the Grid Code. These, therefore, shall not be considered in interpreting the provisions of the Grid Code.
1.16.4 Mandatory Provisions
The word “shall” refers to a rule, procedure, requirement, or any other provision of the Grid Code that requires mandatory compliance.
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1.16.5 Plural and Gender
In interpreting any provision of the Grid Code:
(i) the singular shall include the plural and vice versa, unless otherwise specified; and
(ii) one gender shall include all genders.
1.16.6 Person or Entity
Any reference to a person or entity shall include an individual, partnership, company, corporation, association, organization, institution, or other similar groups.
1.16.7 Amendment of Standards
A reference to a standard in the Grid Code shall include any variation, revision, update, or replacement of that standard.
1.16.8 Figures
Figures are provided in some sections of the Grid Code for the convenience of the Users, and only to illustrate a process. In case of any discrepancy between the text and figures regarding any provision of the Grid Code, the text shall prevail. Such discrepancies, when noticed, will be brought to the notice of the GCSC and will be removed during the next revising of the Grid Code.
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Chapter 2: Connection Code
CHAPTER 2 CONNECTION CODE
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 This chapter specifies certain principles and establishes a set of minimum technical, design, and operational conditions for the Users for connecting to and using the Transmission System. The purpose is to protect the TSP facilities as well as the Plant and Apparatus of the Users, and to ensure safe, stable, and secure operation of the System. This chapter also provides detail on the performance characteristics of the Transmission System at the Connection Point to enable the Users to design their own facilities accordingly and to provide suitable control and Protection Schemes for them.
2.1.2 In addition to this Connection Code, there may be additional provisions in the individual Connection Agreements between the TSP and the Users, defining, in greater detail and in more specific terms, the mutual obligations of each party.
2.2 Objectives
The objectives of this chapter are the following:
(i) to provide a set of fair and non-discriminatory basic rules and standards for accessing and using the Transmission System which must be complied with by all Users;
(ii) to specify the normal Transmission System performance standards at the Connection Point;
(iii) to specify the technical design and operational criteria at the Connection Point; and
(iv) to clearly define the technical function, operational criteria, and ownership of the Equipment connected to the Transmission System in accordance with the relevant Site Responsibility Schedule.
2.3 Grid Connection Procedure
2.3.1 General Provisions
2.3.1.1 A User seeking a new, or modification of an existing, Connection, to the Grid shall secure a proper Connection Agreement with the TSP by following the
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procedure specified in this section, prior to the actual Connection to the Grid. This procedure is depicted in Figure 2.1 on page (35).
2.3.1.2 The TSP shall establish the procedures for the processing of User applications for new, or modification of an existing, Connection to the Grid. The TSP will also set out the time for Connection after receiving all the required information from the applicant.
2.3.1.3 The time periods for a User's new, or modification of an existing, Connection shall be negotiated and agreed upon upfront, between the TSP and the User, in every case. Users will be connected to the Transmission System based on Grid Impact Studies.
2.3.1.4 The conditions under this section apply to Users seeking new Connections to the Transmission System. Users currently connected to the Transmission System may have been designed to different standards and, therefore, may not be able to comply in whole or in part with some or all of these conditions. Such Users should seek Derogations in accordance with the provisions of (1.11) of Chapter 1: General Conditions. However, these conditions shall be applied to Users if new installations or modifications (e.g. in the Excitation System, etc.) are introduced on the User Site.
2.3.1.5 All Plant and Apparatus at the Connection Point shall comply with the relevant TSP standards, or in their absence, other IEC, ANSI, or IEEE standards, unless modified by any provision in the applicable Connection Agreement.
2.3.1.6 The Transmission System voltage level at which a User will be connected and the Busbar configuration which a User's System uses will depend upon, but not limited to, the following:
(i) the size of the Generating Units and the number of Generating Units comprised in the User System (for Generators);
(ii) the size of the MW Demand at the Connection Point (for Distribution Entities and Directly-connected Customers);
(iii) consistency with future development of the Transmission System as well as the coordinated planning of the Transmission System and of the Distribution System/User System;
(iv) proximity to the existing Transmission System; and
(v) the cost of the proposed Connection.
2.3.1.7 The method of Connection used may exceed the relevant standards where this is required by the User and is acceptable to the TSP.
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2.3.1.8 The TSP shall deliver or take electric Energy at the Connection Point and shall not be responsible in any manner whatsoever beyond that point.
2.3.1.9 In case of a dispute, the TSP shall try first to settle it bilaterally through negotiation with the User. If can not settle it, the TSP will deal with the dispute according to the procedures and mechanisms prescribed by the Regulator for this purpose.
2.3.2 Grid Impact Studies
2.3.2.1 The TSP shall develop and maintain a set of required technical planning studies for evaluating the impact on the Grid of any proposed Connection or modification to an existing Connection.
2.3.2.2 The TSP shall specify which of the planning studies described in (3.3.6) of Chapter 3 will be carried out to evaluate the impact of the proposed User Development on the Grid.
2.3.2.3 Based on the magnitude and complexity of the proposed User Development, the TSP may need to conduct more extensive planning studies. In such a case, the TSP will indicate in its Offer of Connection this requirement.
2.3.2.4 The User shall indicate whether it wishes the TSP to undertake additional planning studies. The User shall bear the full cost of the additional planning studies, if carried out by the TSP.
2.3.2.5 To enable the TSP to carry out the necessary detailed Grid Impact Studies, the TSP may require the User to provide some or all of the Detailed Planning Data listed in (Appendix A3.2) of Chapter 3: Planning Code ahead of the normal timescale shown there.
2.3.2.6 A User applying for a new, or a modification of an existing, Connection to the Grid shall take all necessary measures to ensure that the proposed User Development does not degrade the Grid. The TSP may disapprove an application, if the Grid Impact Studies indicate that the proposed User Development will (or may) result in the degradation of the Grid.
2.3.3 Application for a New, or Modification of an Existing, Connection
2.3.3.1 A User applying for a new, or a modification of an existing, Connection, to the Grid shall obtain the prescribed application form from the TSP available from the office of Manager, Transmission Asset Planning Department of the TSP.
2.3.3.2 The User shall submit to the TSP the completed application form along with the applicable fees, published by the TSP and approved by the Regulator, for
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a new, or modification of an existing Connection, to the Grid. The completed application shall include, but not limited to, the following information:
(i) name, address, phone number, and email address of the applicant;
(ii) contact information for technical information;
(iii) location of facility, including a Site plan or area map;
(iv) a general description of the proposed Connection, or modification of an existing Connection, which shall comprise the User Development at the Connection Point;
(v) a description of the Plant and/or Apparatus to be connected to the Transmission System or, as the case may be, of the modification relating to the User's Plant and/or Apparatus already connected to the Transmission System;
(vi) the relevant Grid Planning Data as provided and listed in Chapter 3: Planning Code, using the schedules provided for this purpose in Chapter 6: Data and Information Exchange Code;
(vii) the desired Connection date and Operational Date of the proposed User Development; and
(viii) demonstration of Site control.
2.3.3.3 The User shall submit the Grid Planning Data in three (3) stages, according to their degree of commitment and validation as described in section (3.3.3) of Chapter 3: Planning Code. These include: (a) Preliminary Project Planning Data; (b) Committed Project Planning Data; and (c) Registered Project Planning Data.
2.3.4 Processing of the Application
2.3.4.1 The TSP shall process the User application for new, or modification of an existing, Connection within thirty (30) days from the submission of the completed application form and settlement of the admissible fees.
2.3.4.2 After evaluating the application submitted by the User, the TSP shall inform the User whether its application is acceptable or not. The TSP will be entitled to reject a User application if:
(i) accepting of a User Development can lead the TSP to a breach of its duties under the Electricity Law, Implementing Regulations, License conditions, the Grid Code, or any other rule, regulation, or standard relating to safe and secure operation of the Grid; or
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(ii) the applicant does not undertake to be bound, insofar as applicable, by the terms and conditions of the Grid Code.
If the User application is acceptable, then the provisions of (2.3.4.3) through (2.3.4.6) shall apply. If it is not, then the provisions of (2.3.4.7) through (2.3.4.9) shall apply.
2.3.4.3 If the User application is acceptable, the TSP shall make an Offer of Connection to the User. The Offer shall include the following:
(i) details of how the Connection is to be made, including details of the Plant and/or Apparatus that will be required to implement the Connection;
(ii) a description of any modification in the Transmission System that the User is required to pay for;
(iii) an indication of the Connection Date and the Operational Date; and
(iv) an estimate of all the charges/costs for the Connection that the User has to pay for.
2.3.4.4 The User shall accept the TSP's Offer within thirty (30) days, or a longer period as specified in the Offer, after which the Offer will automatically lapse.
2.3.4.5 The acceptance by the User of the TSP's Offer of Connection shall lead to the signing of a Connection Agreement or an amended Connection Agreement (as the case may be).
2.3.4.6 If a Connection Agreement or an amended Connection Agreement (as the case may be) is signed, the User shall submit to the TSP, within thirty (30) days from the signing of the agreement or a longer period if agreed to by the TSP and the User, the Standard Planning Data and Detailed Planning Data (if required by the TSP) pertaining to the proposed User Development, as specified in (Appendix A3.1) and (Appendix A3.2) of Chapter 3: Planning Code.
2.3.4.7 If the application of the User is not acceptable, the TSP shall notify the User why its application is not acceptable. The TSP shall include in its notification, where practicable, a proposal on how the User's application will be acceptable to the TSP.
2.3.4.8 The User shall accept TSP proposal within thirty (30) days, or a longer period as specified in the proposal, after which the proposal will automatically lapse.
2.3.4.9 If the TSP and the User cannot reach an agreement on the proposed Connection or modification to an existing Connection, the User's application
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will be rejected. The User may refer the matter to the GCSC if the User so desires.
2.3.5 Connection Agreement
The Connection Agreement between the User and the TSP shall meet the following basic conditions:
(i) The TSP and the User shall comply with the Grid Code in letter and spirit.
(ii) The User shall submit reports containing technical and financial information as required in the various sections of the Grid Code.
(iii) The TSP shall provide the User the relevant information in accordance with its statutory and regulatory obligations.
(iv) The User shall provide to the TSP estimated details on the types of its loads and the estimated profile of each major load (e.g. air conditioning, combined heat and Power, motors, and drives, etc.).
(v) The User shall provide the TSP technical diagrams of the required Connection as stated in this chapter or the application form.
(vi) The User shall provide the TSP details of Safety and Protection schemes at the User facilities and for the Connection Point.
(vii) The Connection Agreement with the User shall also clearly specify the operation and maintenance boundary between the User and the TSP.
2.3.6 Submittals Prior to the Commissioning Date
The following shall be submitted by the User prior to the Commissioning date, pursuant to the terms and conditions and schedules specified in the relevant Connection Agreement:
(i) specifications of major Equipment not included in the Standard Planning Data and Detailed Planning Data.
(ii) details of the Protection arrangements and settings referred to in (2.5.2);
(iii) copies of all Safety Rules and instructions applicable to the User's Equipment and a list of Safety Representatives, pursuant to the requirements of (4.10.8);
(iv) Electrical Diagrams of the User's Equipment at the Connection Point as described in (2.7.4);
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(v) information that will enable the TSP to prepare the Connection Point Drawings, referred to in (2.7.4);
(vi) a list of the names and telephone numbers of authorized representatives, including the confirmation that they are fully authorized to make binding decisions on behalf of the User, for Significant Incidents pursuant to the procedures specified in section 4.5: Operational Liaison in Chapter 4: Operating Code;
(vii) proposed Maintenance Program;
(viii) Commissioning Tests procedures for the Connection Point and the User Development; and
(ix) Site Test reports, clearance and readiness for Energization of the proposed Connection Plant and Equipment.
2.3.7 Commissioning of Equipment and Physical Connection to the Grid
2.3.7.1 Upon completion of the User Development, including work at the Connection Point, the Equipment at the Connection Point and the User Development shall be put to Commissioning Tests procedure as specified in (4.9.6) of Chapter 4: Operating Code.
2.3.7.2 The User shall then submit to the TSP a statement of Readiness to Connect, which shall include the Commissioning Test Reports.
2.3.7.3 Upon acceptance of the User's statement of Readiness to Connect, the TSP shall, within fifteen (15) days, issue a Technical Completion Certificate to the User if the TSP finds the Commissioning Reports to be acceptable. Otherwise, the TSP will ask the User to perform additional Tests as the TSP may consider necessary.
2.3.7.4 The physical Connection to the Grid shall be made by the TSP within ten (10) days of the issue of Technical Completion Certificate by the TSP to the User.
2.4 Transmission System Performance
2.4.1 General Provisions
2.4.1.1 The TSP shall strive to maintain the Transmission System performance within the limits and ranges specified in the Minimum National Power Quality Standards for the Saudi Arabian Transmission Grid (currently under development). Until such time, the TSP shall strive to maintain the
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Transmission System performance within the limits and ranges as specified in this section.
2.4.1.2 Users shall ensure that their Plant and Apparatus at Connection Points are also designed and operated such that these operate satisfactorily within the specified limits and ranges to be set out in the Minimum National Power Quality Standards. Until such time, the limits and ranges as specified in this section shall be adhered to.
2.4.2 Frequency Variations
2.4.2.1 The Transmission System shall have a nominal frequency of 60 Hz and R-Y-B counter-clock-wise phase rotation. The TSP shall maintain it within the limits of 59.9 and 60.1 Hz during normal Grid operation.
2.4.2.2 The System frequency could rise to 62.5 Hz or fall to 57.0 Hz in exceptional circumstances. To enable the TSP to maintain the frequency within the limits specified in (2.4.2.1), the design of Generator's Plant and Apparatus must enable operation of that Plant and Apparatus in accordance with the following:
<table><tr><td>Below Nominal Frequency (Hz)</td><td>Above Nominal Frequency (Hz)</td><td>Operation Requirement</td></tr><tr><td>58.8 – 60.0</td><td>60.0 – 60.5</td><td>Continuous</td></tr><tr><td>57.5 – 58.7</td><td>60.6 – 61.5</td><td>for a period of 30 minutes</td></tr><tr><td>57.0 – 57.4</td><td>61.6 – 62.5</td><td>for a period of 30 seconds</td></tr></table>
Other Users should ensure that their Equipment is designed or protected for these exceptional circumstances.
2.4.3 Voltage Variations
The voltage at any point on the TSP system will normally remain within the nominal values as stated in the table below, unless abnormal conditions prevail. Under exceptional circumstances, the maximum over voltage limits stated below should not be exceeded for more than thirty (30) minutes:
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<table><tr><td>Nominal Voltage (kV)</td><td>Normal Range</td><td>30-Minute Over-Voltage</td></tr><tr><td>110 kV</td><td>±5 %</td><td>+10 %</td></tr><tr><td>115 kV</td><td>±5 %</td><td>+10 %</td></tr><tr><td>132 kV</td><td>±5 %</td><td>+10 %</td></tr><tr><td>230 kV</td><td>±5 %</td><td>+10 %</td></tr><tr><td>380 kV</td><td>±5 %</td><td>+10 %</td></tr></table>
2.4.4 Harmonic Distortion
2.4.4.1 All Plant and Apparatus connected to the Transmission System shall be capable of withstanding the levels of Harmonic distortion expected to be present on the Transmission System.
2.4.4.2 Plant and Apparatus connected to the Transmission System shall not impose voltage Harmonics on the Transmission System which exceed the limits specified in the relevant Connection Agreement, or when no such limits are specified there, a Total Harmonic Distortion of 1.5% with no individual Harmonic greater than 1%.
2.4.4.3 Plant and Apparatus connected to the Transmission System shall not impose current Harmonics on the Transmission System which exceed the limits specified in the relevant Connection Agreement, or when no such limits are specified there, the limits specified in IEEE Standard 519-1992:
Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems.
2.4.5 Voltage Unbalance
The User facility shall not cause the phase-to-phase unbalance of the System, as measured with no load and with balanced three-phase loading, to exceed by more than one (1) % at the Connection Point.
2.4.6 Voltage Fluctuation and Flicker Severity
2.4.6.1 The voltage fluctuation at any Connection Point with a fluctuating Demand shall not exceed one (1)% of the nominal voltage level for step changes which may occur repetitively. Any large voltage excursions other than step changes may be allowed up to a level of three (3)% providing that this does not pose a risk to the Transmission System or to the System of any other User.
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2.4.6.2 The Flicker Severity at any Connection Point in the Transmission shall not exceed the limits of \( P_{st}=0.8 \) and \( P_{lt}=0.6 \) , both \( 95^{th} \) percentile values measured over a period of one week.
2.4.7 Transient Voltage Variations
2.4.7.1 The User Systems shall be designed and operated to include the devices that will mitigate the effects of transient over voltages and transient voltage dips on the Grid and the User System.
2.4.7.2 The User shall take into account the effect of electrical transients when specifying the insulation of their electrical Equipment.
2.4.8 Grounding
2.4.8.1 At voltages 110 kV and above, the Grid is effectively grounded with specified Ground Fault Factor below 1.4.
2.4.8.2 The TSP shall specify in the Connection Agreement the Grounding requirements and the applicable Ground Fault Factor at the Connection Points, if an exception is to be permitted in certain cases.
2.5 Plant and Apparatus at Connection Points
2.5.1 General Provisions
2.5.1.1 Each Connection between a User and the Transmission System shall be controlled by a suitable isolating device (isolating switch or circuit breaker, as determined by the TSP) capable of interrupting at the Connection Point, the short circuit currents specified in the relevant Connection Agreement.
2.5.1.2 The User shall be responsible to ensure that all the User Plant and Apparatus, including Protection Schemes, are tested and maintained and remain rated for the duty required of them.
2.5.1.3 Users shall own, operate, and maintain all the facilities beyond the Connection Point.
2.5.1.4 The TSP shall own, operate, and maintain all the facilities up to and including those at the Connection Point.
2.5.1.5 The User shall comply with the operating instructions of the TSP with regard to various systems (including all Plant and/or Apparatus) required to control electric Power and Energy to (or from) that User's facility.
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2.5.2 Protection Equipment/Schemes
2.5.2.1 All Users shall be responsible for providing Protection for the Equipment and facilities at their respective sides when connected to the Transmission System.
2.5.2.2 All User Protection Schemes, relays and their settings, shall require prior coordination with and approval of the TSP's relevant Protection engineering office.
2.5.2.3 The Protection Schemes shall isolate the faulty section and Equipment in case of Fault with the dependability, selectivity, speed, and sensitivity as defined in the applicable Connection Agreement or the Grid Code.
2.5.2.4 The protective Equipment connected to the Transmission System shall be tested to achieve the specified level of dependability, selectivity, speed, and sensitivity in Fault clearing and to minimize the impacts on the Grid.
2.5.2.5 The Protection Scheme's ability to initiate the successful tripping of the circuit breaker which is associated with the faulty Equipment shall be measured by System Protection Dependability Index exceeding 99%.
2.5.2.6 Users shall comply with the following requirements for Fault clearance times (from Fault inception to circuit breaker arc extinction) by primary Protection not exceeding:
<table><tr><td>Network Category</td><td>Fault Clearance Times</td></tr><tr><td>110 kV</td><td>120 millisecond</td></tr><tr><td>115 kV</td><td>120 millisecond</td></tr><tr><td>132 kV</td><td>100 millisecond</td></tr><tr><td>230 kV</td><td>100 millisecond</td></tr><tr><td>380 kV</td><td>80 millisecond</td></tr></table>
The probability that these times will be exceeded for any given Fault must be less than one (1)%.
2.5.2.7 To safeguard against failure of the primary Protection Systems provided to meet the above Fau

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